The International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) expert committee (EC) on Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) reports here the 2022 updated phenotypic classification, which accompanies and complements the most-recent genotypic classification.
Published in 01 October 2022
Since 2013, the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) expert committee (EC) on Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) has published an updated phenotypic classification of IEI, which accompanies and complements their genotypic classification into ten tables.
Published in 01 January 2020
Lactose is the main carbohydrate in human and mammalian milk. Lactose requires enzymatic hydrolysis by lactase into D-glucose and D-galactose before it can be absorbed. Term infants express sufficient lactase to digest about one liter of breast milk daily.
Published in 12 December 2017
We report the updated classification of inborn errors of immunity, compiled by the International Union of Immunological Societies Expert Committee.
Published in 01 October 2022
Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), named a pandemic by the WHO, is the current global health crisis. National and international collaboration are indispensable for combating COVID-19 and other similar potential outbreaks.
Published in 01 June 2020
The prevalence of allergic airway diseases such as asthma and rhinitis has increased dramatically to epidemic proportions worldwide. Besides air pollution from industry derived emissions and motor vehicles, the rising trend can only be explained by gross changes in the environments where we live.
Published in 14 July 2015
Several studies have suggested an impact of allergic rhinitis on academic productivity. However, large studies with real-world data (RWD) are not available.
Published in 01 November 2022
A number of scientific organisations have developed guidelines for the primary prevention of allergic disease through nutritional interventions. However, even if the best evidence-based guidelines are available, these guidelines do not necessarily lead to adherence and improved health outcomes.
Published in 05 May 2017
There are no studies on cross-reactivity of betalactams among patients allergic to penicillin, or on the negative predictive value (NPV) of penicillin allergy evaluation from Arabian Gulf countries.
Published in 01 March 2018
Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is the most common food allergy in early childhood, and its prevalence continues to rise. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for infants in the first 6 months of life, but this recommendation is poorly adhered to in many parts of the world, including the Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan (MENAP) region.
Published in 28 September 2021
Although the skin prick test (SPT) is a reliable diagnostic tool in perennial allergic rhinitis (PER) for patients allergic to cats, the minimum necessary SPT wheal size required to distinguish cat sensitization from true allergy remains controversial. The cat nasal challenge test (cNCT) could be considered the gold standard for detecting true cat allergy.
Published in 01 January 2019
There is increasing recognition of marked phenotypic heterogeneity within severe asthma patients.
Published in 01 October 2021
X-linked agammaglobulinemia is an inherited immunodeficiency recognized since 1952. In spite of seven decades of experience, there is still a limited understanding of regional differences in presentation and complications. This study was designed by the Primary Immunodeficiencies Committee of the World Allergy Organization to better understand regional needs, challenges and unique patient features.
Published in 22 March 2019
Allergies have long been observed in Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) and might even be the first presentation resulting in delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis in some cases. However, data on the prevalence of allergic diseases among IEI patients are limited and contradictory.
Published in 17 June 2022
Hereditary angioedema (HAE), a potentially life-threatening genetic disorder due to C1 inhibitor deficiency in most cases, is characterized by sudden and/or recurrent attacks of angioedema (subcutaneous/submucosal swellings).
Published in 24 December 2022
There are now nearly 300 single-gene inborn errors of immunity underlying phenotypes as diverse as infection, malignancy, allergy, auto-immunity, and auto-inflammation. For each of these five categories, a growing variety of phenotypes are ascribed to Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (PID), making PIDs a rapidly expanding field of medicine.
Published in 01 November 2015
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most common allergic problem in Kuwait. Most of the patients who have either AR or asthma are referred to the Al-Rashed Allergy Center.
Published in 01 February 2004
Evidence regarding the effectiveness of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) on allergic rhinitis has been provided mostly by randomised controlled trials, with little data from real-life studies.
Published in 01 March 2022
Biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with rhinitis and/or asthma are urgently needed. Although some biologic biomarkers exist in specialist care for asthma, they cannot be largely used in primary care. There are no validated biomarkers in rhinitis or allergen immunotherapy (AIT) that can be used in clinical practice.
Published in 11 April 2023
There are no studies on cross-reactivity between Salsola kali and Salsola imbricata pollens. The main goals of the present study were to compare the degree of the cross-reactivity between S kali and S imbricata and to compare the various allergenic components shared by S kali and S imbricata.
Published in 01 January 2018