Mode of presentation and first line of management of non-recurrent urolithiasis in Kuwait
Affiliations
Affiliations
- 1Department of Surgery (Division of Urology), Mubarak Teaching Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait. adel@doctoradel.com
Abstract
Aims: To determine the incidence, mode of presentation, first line of management and composition of non-recurrent urolithiasis in Kuwait.
Methods: Consecutive patients admitted between January 1999 and December 2002 with non-recurrent urolithiasis were prospectively analyzed.
Results: The average annual incidence of hospital admission for non-recurrent urolithiasis in Kuwait was 43.44 per 100,000 population, representing men and women (ratio, 9:1) with a median age of 41.91 years. Of the hospital admissions for non-recurrent urolithiasis, 57.2% of cases were acute. Overall, the most predominant symptom was flank pain, while the least common symptom was acute urinary retention. Ureteroscopic stone manipulation was the most common initial treatment modality in the present series, as it was utilized in 43.3% and 37.09% for patients admitted on elective and emergency basis, respectively. Of the calculi available for chemical analysis, 91% contained calcium, 73% contained calcium oxalate, 17% contained mixed calcium and 1% contained calcium phosphate. The composition of the rest of the stones were urate in 7%, struvite in 1% and cystine in 1%.
Conclusions: Urolithiasis is a common disease in the Kuwait region that mainly presents with flank pain. Ureteroscopic calculus removal is the most common modality of treatment. The majority of the calculi seen in Kuwait contained calcium.
Similar articles
el-Reshaid K, Mughal H, Kapoor M.Eur J Epidemiol. 1997 Feb;13(2):229-34. doi: 10.1023/a:1007346727944.PMID: 9085010
Renal lithiasis in Lebanon: I--the chemical types of urinary calculi.
Saksouk FA, Hemady K, Salti IS.J Med Liban. 1980;31(1):81-7.PMID: 16295330
Wu TT, Hsu TH, Chen MT, Chang LS.J Endourol. 1993 Oct;7(5):391-3. doi: 10.1089/end.1993.7.391.PMID: 8298621
Feline urolithiasis. Etiology and pathophysiology.
Osborne CA, Lulich JP, Thumchai R, Ulrich LK, Koehler LA, Bird KA, Bartges JW.Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1996 Mar;26(2):217-32.PMID: 8711859 Review.
Analysis of 77,000 canine uroliths. Perspectives from the Minnesota Urolith Center.
Osborne CA, Lulich JP, Polzin DJ, Sanderson SL, Koehler LA, Ulrich LK, Bird KA, Swanson LL, Pederson LA, Sudo SZ.Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1999 Jan;29(1):17-38, ix-x. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(99)50002-8.PMID: 10028149 Review.
Cited by
Epidemiology of urolithiasis in Asia.
Liu Y, Chen Y, Liao B, Luo D, Wang K, Li H, Zeng G.Asian J Urol. 2018 Oct;5(4):205-214. doi: 10.1016/j.ajur.2018.08.007. Epub 2018 Sep 6.PMID: 30364478 Free PMC article. Review.
Fukuhara H, Ichiyanagi O, Kakizaki H, Naito S, Tsuchiya N.Urolithiasis. 2016 Nov;44(6):529-537. doi: 10.1007/s00240-016-0896-3. Epub 2016 Jun 17.PMID: 27314408 Free PMC article.
Interpreting the results of chemical stone analysis in the era of modern stone analysis techniques.
Gilad R, Williams JC Jr, Usman KD, Holland R, Golan S, Tor R, Lifshitz D.J Nephrol. 2017 Feb;30(1):135-140. doi: 10.1007/s40620-016-0274-9. Epub 2016 Mar 8.PMID: 26956131 Free PMC article.
Stone formation in the Middle Eastern Gulf States: A review.
Robertson WG.Arab J Urol. 2012 Sep;10(3):265-72. doi: 10.1016/j.aju.2012.04.003. Epub 2012 Jun 5.PMID: 26558035 Free PMC article. Review.