Drug resistance-associated mutations in antiretroviral treatment-naïve and -experienced patients in Kuwait


Abstract

The identification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) mutations leading to drug resistance enables patient-specific adaptation of the treatment regimen and predicts the risk of transmission of drug-resistant HIV. In this study, we report for the first time the prevalence in Kuwait of non-polymorphic resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) in patients under first-line antiretroviral therapy. Viral RNA was extracted from plasma samples of 64 treatment-naïve (untreated) and 64 treatment-experienced patients. The HIV-1 load was determined by real-time RT-PCR. The protease- and reverse transcriptase-encoding regions were analyzed by subtyping, and for drug resistance. The HIV-1 load at sampling in treatment-naïve patients ranged from 1.61 x 104 to 1.91 x 106 copies/ml, whereas that in treatment-experienced patients ranged from bitors (PIs) and NNRTIs. These results necessitate efforts to be made for reducing emergence of resistance-associated mutations in treated patients, and highlight the need for continuous monitoring of drug resistance patterns in Kuwait.

Keywords: HIV-1; genotyping; mutations; drug resistance; surveillance; Kuwait..


Similar articles

Phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance profile among treatment-naïve people in Kuwait.

Chehadeh W, Albaksami O, Altawalah H, Ahmad S, Madi N, John SE, Abraham PS, Al-Nakib W.J Med Virol. 2015 Sep;87(9):1521-6. doi: 10.1002/jmv.24212. Epub 2015 May 14.PMID: 25976289

Drug Resistance-Associated Mutations in Antiretroviral Treatment-Experienced Patients in Kuwait.

Chehadeh W, Albaksami O, John SE, Al-Nakib W.Med Princ Pract. 2018;27(2):152-157. doi: 10.1159/000488108. Epub 2018 Mar 5.PMID: 29506011 Free PMC article.

Study of the impact of HIV genotypic drug resistance testing on therapy efficacy.

Van Vaerenbergh K.Verh K Acad Geneeskd Belg. 2001;63(5):447-73.PMID: 11813503 Review.

Prevalence and pattern of drug resistance mutations among antiretroviral-treated HIV-1 patients with suboptimal virological response in Malaysia.

Tee KK, Kamarulzaman A, Ng KP.Med Microbiol Immunol. 2006 Jun;195(2):107-12. doi: 10.1007/s00430-005-0010-x. Epub 2006 Jan 11.PMID: 16404607

Surveillance of HIV-1 pol transmitted drug resistance in acutely and recently infected antiretroviral drug-naïve persons in rural western Kenya.

Onywera H, Maman D, Inzaule S, Auma E, Were K, Fredrick H, Owiti P, Opollo V, Etard JF, Mukui I, Kim AA, Zeh C.PLoS One. 2017 Feb 8;12(2):e0171124. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171124. eCollection 2017.PMID: 28178281 Free PMC article.


Cited by

The frequency of HIV-1 infection and surveillance drug-resistant mutations determination among Iranians with high-risk behaviors, during 2014 to 2020.

Garshasbi S, Marjani A, Alipour A, Khanaliha K, Esghaei M, Fakhim A, Bokharaei-Salim F.Iran J Microbiol. 2021 Dec;13(6):878-886. doi: 10.18502/ijm.v13i6.8094.PMID: 35222867 Free PMC article.

Virologic failure after 48 weeks of raltegravir-based regimen in low HIV-1 incidence setting.

Chehadeh W, Albaksami O, Al-Shammari S.Antivir Chem Chemother. 2020 Jan-Dec;28:2040206620927908. doi: 10.1177/2040206620927908.PMID: 32434393 Free PMC article.


KMEL References