Disseminated Rhinocladiella mackenziei infection in a kidney transplant recipient: A case report and literature review
Affiliations
Affiliations
- Hamed Alessa Organ Transplant Center, Shuwaikh, Kuwait.
- Hamed Alessa Organ Transplant Center, Shuwaikh, Kuwait; Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt.
- Mycology Reference Laboratory, Mubarak Al-Kabeer hospital, Jabriya 46307, Kuwait. Electronic address: khaled22m@live.com.
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Nizwa, Oman; Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman; Centre of Expertise in Mycology Radboud University Medical Centre/ Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Abstract
Rhinocladiella mackenziei is a rare fungal pathogen which belongs to a large group of pigmented fungi causing phaeohyphomycosis. R. mackenziei primarily infects the brain and leads to high fatality rates among both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. Among solid organ transplant recipients, the infection may disseminate to extra-neuronal sites, necessitating comprehensive radiologic imaging. Here we describe a new case of R. mackenziei infection in a renal transplant patient involving the brain and renal allograft. She received liposomal amphotericin B and voriconazole but no surgical intervention. Ultimately, the patient died after two months of hospital stay. A review of all reported cases of transplant patients infected with R. mackenziei is also presented.
Keywords: Brain; Middle East; Phaeohyphomycosis; Rhinocladiella mackenziei; Transplant.
Conflict of interest statement
Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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