Artificial Intelligence in Andrology: From Semen Analysis to Image Diagnostics
Ramy Abou Ghayda 1, Rossella Cannarella 2 3, Aldo E Calogero 2, Rupin Shah 4, Amarnath Rambhatla 5, Wael Zohdy 6, Parviz Kavoussi 7, Tomer Avidor-Reiss 8 9, Florence Boitrelle 10 11, Taymour Mostafa 12, Ramadan Saleh 13, Tuncay Toprak 14, Ponco Birowo 15, Gianmaria Salvio 16, Gokhan Calik 17, Shinnosuke Kuroda 3 18, Raneen Sawaid Kaiyal 3, Imad Ziouziou 19, Andrea Crafa 2, Nguyen Ho Vinh Phuoc 20 21, Giorgio I Russo 22, Damayanthi Durairajanayagam 23, Manaf Al-Hashimi 24 25, Taha Abo-Almagd Abdel-Meguid Hamoda 26 27, Germar-Michael Pinggera 28, Ricky Adriansjah 29, Israel Maldonado Rosas 30, Mohamed Arafa 31 32, Eric Chung 33, Widi Atmoko 15, Lucia Rocco 34, Haocheng Lin 35, Eric Huyghe 36, Priyank Kothari 37, Jesus Fernando Solorzano Vazquez 30, Fotios Dimitriadis 38, Nicolas Garrido 39, Sheryl Homa 40, Marco Falcone 41, Marjan Sabbaghian 42, Hussein Kandil 43, Edmund Ko 44, Marlon Martinez 45, Quang Nguyen 45 46 47, Ahmed M Harraz 48 49 50, Ege Can Serefoglu 51, Vilvapathy Senguttuvan Karthikeyan 52, Dung Mai Ba Tien 20, Sunil Jindal 53, Sava Micic 54, Marina Bellavia 55, Hamed Alali 56, Nazim Gherabi 57, Sheena Lewis 58, Hyun Jun Park 59 60, Mara Simopoulou 61, Hassan Sallam 62, Liliana Ramirez 30, Giovanni Colpi 55, Ashok Agarwal 63 64; Global Andrology Forum
Affiliations
Affiliations
Urology Institute, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.- 2Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
- 3Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- 4Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India.
- 5Department of Urology, Henry Ford Health System, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Detroit, MI, USA.
- 6Andrology and STDs, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
- 7Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- 8Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
- 9Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
- 10Reproductive Biology, Fertility Preservation, Andrology, CECOS, Poissy Hospital, Poissy, France.
- 11Department of Biology, Reproduction, Epigenetics, Environment, and Development, Paris Saclay University, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Paris, France.
- 12Andrology, Sexology & STIs Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
- 13Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
- 14Department of Urology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
- 15Department of Urology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
- 16Department of Endocrinology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
- 17Department of Urology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
- 18Department of Urology, Reproduction Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
- 19Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
- 20Department of Andrology, Binh Dan Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- 21Department of Urology and Andrology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- 22Urology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
- 23Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor, Malaysia.
- 24Department of Urology, Burjeel Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
- 25Khalifa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE).
- 26Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- 27Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.
- 28Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
- 29Department of Urology, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Universitas Padjadjaran, Banding, Indonesia.
- 30IVF Laboratory, CITMER Reproductive Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico.
- 31Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
- 32Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
- 33Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD, Australia.
- 34Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
- 35Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- 36Department of Urology and Andrology, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
- 37Department of Urology, B.Y.L. Nair Charitable Hospital, Topiwala National Medical College, Mumbai, India.
- 38Department of Urology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
- 39IVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI Foundation, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain.
- 40Department of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom.
- 41Department of Urology, Molinette Hospital, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Torino, Italy.
- 42Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- 43Fakih IVF Fertility Center, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
- 44Department of Urology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
- 45Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, Philippines.
- 46Center for Andrology and Sexual Medicine, Viet Duc University Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- 47Department of Urology, Andrology and Sexual Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- 48Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
- 49Department of Surgery, Urology Unit, Farwaniya Hospital, Farwaniya, Kuwait.
- 50Department of Urology, Sabah Al Ahmad Urology Center, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
- 51Department of Urology, Biruni University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
- 52Andrology Unit, Department of Urology, Apollo Hospitals, Chennai, India.
- 53Department of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Jindal Hospital, Meerut, India.
- 54Department of Andrology, Uromedica Polyclinic, Belgrade, Serbia.
- 55Andrology and IVF Center, Next Fertility Procrea, Lugano, Switzerland.
- 56King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
- 57Andrology Committee of the Algerian Association of Urology, Algiers, Algeria.
- 58Examen Lab Ltd., Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
- 59Department of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
- 60Medical Research Institute of Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
- 61Department of Experimental Physiology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- 62Alexandria University Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt.
- 63Global Andrology Forum, Moreland Hills, OH, USA.
- 64Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. Agarwal@GlobalAndrology.org.
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine has gained a lot of momentum in the last decades and has been applied to various fields of medicine. Advances in computer science, medical informatics, robotics, and the need for personalized medicine have facilitated the role of AI in modern healthcare. Similarly, as in other fields, AI applications, such as machine learning, artificial neural networks, and deep learning, have shown great potential in andrology and reproductive medicine. AI-based tools are poised to become valuable assets with abilities to support and aid in diagnosing and treating male infertility, and in improving the accuracy of patient care. These automated, AI-based predictions may offer consistency and efficiency in terms of time and cost in infertility research and clinical management. In andrology and reproductive medicine, AI has been used for objective sperm, oocyte, and embryo selection, prediction of surgical outcomes, cost-effective assessment, development of robotic surgery, and clinical decision-making systems. In the future, better integration and implementation of AI into medicine will undoubtedly lead to pioneering evidence-based breakthroughs and the reshaping of andrology and reproductive medicine.
Keywords: Andrology; Artificial intelligence; Deep learning; Diagnostic imaging; Machine learning; Neural networks, computer.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors have nothing to disclose.