Surgical robotic systems: What we have now? A urological perspective

Affiliations


Abstract

Introduction: The coming decade will see the emergence of many surgical robotic systems that need to prove their cost-effectiveness and clinical usability to gain the trust of robotic surgeons worldwide. Herein, we provide a concise review of the currently available robotic systems. Since the da Vinci Surgical System's patent expired and its market monopoly ended, many robotic surgical systems have, and will continue to, enter the market. Central to this is the challenge of gaining the trust of robotic surgeons in a cost-effective manner. However, the cumulative robotic surgical experience of Intuitive Surgical over these years-which has proven itself clinically and technically-is a great challenge for new surgical robots.

Methods: This was a non-systematic review of the literature, conducted through the PubMed search engine, using the following words: "Da Vinci," "robotic surgical system," and "new robotic surgical device." Further information was obtained from the robotic system companies' official websites and press releases.

Conclusions: The open robotic market carries great challenges for new robotic surgical systems, especially when following well-established da Vinci Surgical System. Surgeons' trust, clinical publications, technical support, and market distribution all represent separate challenges that require address.

Conflict of interest statement

None.


Figures


Similar articles

New era of robotic surgical systems.

Gosrisirikul C, Don Chang K, Raheem AA, Rha KH.Asian J Endosc Surg. 2018 Nov;11(4):291-299. doi: 10.1111/ases.12660. Epub 2018 Oct 10.PMID: 30306719 Review.

Robotic-assisted minimally invasive surgery for gynecologic and urologic oncology: an evidence-based analysis.

Medical Advisory Secretariat.Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2010;10(27):1-118. Epub 2010 Dec 1.PMID: 23074405 Free PMC article.

Potential Contenders for the Leadership in Robotic Surgery.

Farinha R, Puliatti S, Mazzone E, Amato M, Rosiello G, Yadav S, De Groote R, Piazza P, Bravi CA, Koukourikis P, Rha KH, Cacciamani G, Micali S, Wiklund P, Rocco B, Mottrie A.J Endourol. 2022 Mar;36(3):317-326. doi: 10.1089/end.2021.0321. Epub 2021 Oct 26.PMID: 34579555 Review.

Future of robotic surgery in urology.

Rassweiler JJ, Autorino R, Klein J, Mottrie A, Goezen AS, Stolzenburg JU, Rha KH, Schurr M, Kaouk J, Patel V, Dasgupta P, Liatsikos E.BJU Int. 2017 Dec;120(6):822-841. doi: 10.1111/bju.13851. Epub 2017 Apr 22.PMID: 28319324 Review.

Robotic surgical systems in urology: What is currently available?

Koukourikis P, Rha KH.Investig Clin Urol. 2021 Jan;62(1):14-22. doi: 10.4111/icu.20200387.PMID: 33381927 Free PMC article. Review.


Cited by

Perioperative outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy using hinotori versus da Vinci surgical robot system: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Motoyama D, Matsushita Y, Watanabe H, Tamura K, Otsuka A, Fujisawa M, Miyake H.J Robot Surg. 2023 Jul 18. doi: 10.1007/s11701-023-01614-x. Online ahead of print.PMID: 37462888

Robotic Versus Open Kidney Transplantation from Deceased Donors: A Prospective Observational Study.

Campi R, Pecoraro A, Li Marzi V, Tuccio A, Giancane S, Peris A, Cirami CL, Breda A, Vignolini G, Serni S.Eur Urol Open Sci. 2022 Apr 1;39:36-46. doi: 10.1016/j.euros.2022.03.007. eCollection 2022 May.PMID: 35528789 Free PMC article.

Mr. Roboto (domo arigato, if you like).

Davis JW.BJUI Compass. 2020 Nov 4;1(5):149-151. doi: 10.1002/bco2.54. eCollection 2020 Nov.PMID: 35475211 Free PMC article. No abstract available.


KMEL References


References

  1.  
    1. Intuitive Surgical Company . Da Vinci Robot Patency 2019. Available from: https://www.intuitive.com/en‐us/about‐us/company/legal/patent‐notice
  2.  
    1. Rao R, Nayyar R, Panda S, Hemal AK. Surgical techniques: robotic bladder diverticulectomy with the da Vinci‐S surgical system. J Robot Surg. 2007;1(3):217–20. - PMC - PubMed
  3.  
    1. Kang S‐W, Lee SC, Lee SH, Lee KY, Jeong JJ, Lee YS, et al. Robotic thyroid surgery using a gasless, transaxillary approach and the da Vinci S system: the operative outcomes of 338 consecutive patients. Surgery. 2009;146(6):1048–55. - PubMed
  4.  
    1. Tobis S, Knopf J, Silvers C, Yao J, Rashid H, Wu G, et al. Near infrared fluorescence imaging with robotic assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: initial clinical experience for renal cortical tumors. J Urol. 2011;186(1):47–52. - PubMed
  5.  
    1. Kaouk JH, Haber G‐P, Autorino R, Crouzet S, Ouzzane A, Flamand V, et al. A novel robotic system for single‐port urologic surgery: first clinical investigation. Eur Urol. 2014;66(6):1033–43. - PubMed
  6.  
    1. Gidaro S, Altobelli E, Falavolti C, Bove AM, Ruiz EM, Stark M, et al. Vesicourethral anastomosis using a novel telesurgical system with haptic sensation, the Telelap Alf‐X: a pilot study. Surg Technol Int. 2014;24:35–40. - PubMed
  7.  
    1. Kim DK, Park DW, Rha KH. Robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy with the REVO‐I robot platform in porcine models. Eur Urol. 2016;69(3):541. - PubMed
  8.  
    1. Abdel Raheem A, Troya IS, Kim DK, Kim SH, Won PD, Joon PS, et al. Robot‐assisted Fallopian tube transection and anastomosis using the new REVO‐I robotic surgical system: feasibility in a chronic porcine model. BJU Int. 2016;118(4):604–9. - PubMed
  9.  
    1. Perez RE, Schwaitzberg SD. Robotic surgery: finding value in 2019 and beyond. Ann Laparosc Endosc Surg. 2019;4:51.
  10.  
    1. Rassweiler JJ, Autorino R, Klein J, Mottrie A, Goezen AS, Stolzenburg JU, et al. Future of robotic surgery in urology. BJU Int. 2017;120(6):822–41. - PubMed
  11.  
    1. Intuitve Surgical, Inc . Annual Report 2019. Available from: https://isrg.gcs‐web.com/static‐files/31b5c428‐1d95‐4c01‐9c85‐a7293bac5e05
  12.  
    1. Khandalavala K, Shimon T, Flores L, Armijo PR, Oleynikov D. Emerging surgical robotic technology: a progression toward microbots. Ann Laparosc Endosc Surg. 2019;5:1–18.
  13.  
    1. Gosrisirikul C, Don Chang K, Raheem AA, Rha KH. New era of robotic surgical systems. Asian J Endosc Surg. 2018;11(4):291–9. - PubMed
  14.  
    1. Fanfani F, Restaino S, Alletti SG, Fagotti A, Monterossi G, Rossitto C, et al. TELELAP ALF‐X robotic‐assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy: feasibility and perioperative outcomes. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2015;22(6):1011–17. - PubMed
  15.  
    1. Bozzini G, Gidaro S, Taverna G. Robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy with the ALF‐X robot on pig models. Eur Urol. 2016;69(2):376–7. - PubMed
  16.  
    1. Gidaro S, Buscarini M, Ruiz E, Stark M, Labruzzo A. Telelap Alf‐X: a novel telesurgical system for the 21st century. Surgical Technol International. 2012;22:20–25. - PubMed
  17.  
    1. Senhance Surgical . Senhance Robot 2020. Available from: https://www.senhance.com/
  18.  
    1. Meere Company . Revo‐i Robot 2020. Available from: http://www.meerecompany.com/en/our‐business#surgery‐robot
  19.  
    1. Revosurgical . Revo‐i Robot 2020. Available from: http://revosurgical.com/#/main.html
  20.  
    1. Kang CM, Chong JU, Lim JH, Park DW, Park SJ, Gim S, et al. Robotic cholecystectomy using the newly developed Korean robotic surgical system, Revo‐i: a preclinical experiment in a porcine model. Yonsei Med J. 2017;58(5):1075–7. - PMC - PubMed
  21.  
    1. Micro Hand S Robot [Internet] . Available from: http://www.tju.edu.cn/english/info/1011/4091.htm
  22.  
    1. Yi B, Wang G, Li J, Jiang J, Son Z, Su H, et al. The first clinical use of domestically produced Chinese minimally invasive surgical robot system “Micro Hand S”. Surg Endosc. 2016;30(6):2649–55. - PubMed
  23.  
    1. Titan Medical . Titan Robot 2020. Available from: https://titanmedicalinc.com/
  24.  
    1. CMR Surgical . Versius Robot 2020. Available from: https://cmrsurgical.com/versius/
  25.  
    1. Peters BS, Armijo PR, Krause C, Choudhury SA, Oleynikov D. Review of emerging surgical robotic technology. Surg Endosc. 2018;32(4):1636–55. - PubMed
  26.  
    1. Medtronic details robotic surgery program expected to launch in 2018 [Internet] . 2016. [cited 2016 June 8]. Available from: https://www.fiercebiotech.com/medicaldevices/medtronic‐details‐robotic‐s...
  27.  
    1. DLR MiroSurge . MicroSurge System. Available from: https://www.dlr.de/rm/en/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid‐3795/16616_read‐40529/
  28.  
    1. M‐ Lab . MicroSurge MIRO Lab. Available from: https://miroinnovationlab.de/en/home‐en/index.html
  29.  
    1. Rob Surgical . Rob Robot 2020. Available from: https://www.robsurgical.com/
  30.  
    1. Medicaroid Corporation’s US Subsidiary Commences Operations in Silicon Valley [Internet]. 2016. [cited 2016 Jan 1]. Available from: https://www.sysmex.co.jp/en/news/2016/160113.html
  31.  
    1. Medicaroid Corporation . Medicaroid Corporation 2020. Available from: http://www.medicaroid.com/en/index.html
  32.  
    1. Verb Surgical . Verb Robot 2020. Available from: https://www.verbsurgical.com/media/
  33.  
    1. Frangou C. An Eye on Surgical Robots 2018. [cited 2018 July 9]. Available from: https://www.generalsurgerynews.com/In‐the‐News/Article/07‐18/An‐Eye‐on‐S...
  34.  
    1. TransEnterix, Inc . SurgiBot SPIDER System. Available from: https://transenterix.com/about/our‐history
  35.  
    1. Vinluan F TransEnterix Trims Staff, Shifts Surgical Robot Focus After FDA Rejection 2016. [cited 2016 May 11]. Available from: https://xconomy.com/raleigh‐durham/2016/05/11/transenterix‐shifts‐surgic...
  36.  
    1. PROCEPT BioRobotics . Aqua Beam Robotic System 2020. Available from: https://www.procept‐biorobotics.com/aquabeam‐surgical‐robotic‐system/
  37.  
    1. MacRae C, Gilling P. How I do it: aquablation of the prostate using the AQUABEAM system. Can J Urol. 2016;23(6):8590–3. - PubMed
  38.  
    1. Gilling P, Barber N, Bidair M, Anderson P, Sutton M, Aho T, et al. WATER: a double‐blind, randomized, controlled trial of Aquablation® vs transurethral resection of the prostate in benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol. 2018;199(5):1252–61. - PubMed
  39.  
    1. Riverfield Inc . EMARO Robot 2020. Available from: https://www.riverfieldinc.com/en/product/
  40.  
    1. The World's First Pneumatic Endoscope Manipulator Holds Promise for Quality Surgery [Internet]. 2015. [cited 2015 Aug 4]. Available from: https://www.titech.ac.jp/english/news/2015/031929.html
  41.  
    1. ELMED Medical Systems . Avicenna Roboflex. Available from: http://elmed‐as.com/avicenna‐roboflex.html
  42.  
    1. Saglam R, Muslumanoglu AY, Tokatlı Z, Çaşkurlu T, Sarica K, Taşçi Aİ, et al. A new robot for flexible ureteroscopy: development and early clinical results (IDEAL stage 1–2b). Eur Urol. 2014;66(6):1092–100. - PubMed
  43.  
    1. Warren H, Dasgupta P. The future of robotics. Investig Clin Urol. 2017;58(5):297–98. - PMC - PubMed
  44.  
    1. Enayati N, De Momi E, Ferrigno G. Haptics in robot‐assisted surgery: Challenges and benefits. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng. 2016;9:49–65. - PubMed