Regional facial asymmetries and attractiveness of the face
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Eur J Orthod
. 2016 Dec;38(6):602-608.
doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjv087. Epub 2015 Dec 13.
Regional facial asymmetries and attractiveness of the face
Anu E Kaipainen 1, Kevin R Sieber 1, Rania M Nada 2 3, Thomas J Maal 4, Christos Katsaros 1, Piotr S Fudalej 5 6
Affiliations expand
- PMID: 26666568
- DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjv087
Free article
Abstract
Objective: Facial attractiveness is an important factor in our social interactions. It is still not entirely clear which factors influence the attractiveness of a face and facial asymmetry appears to play a certain role. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between facial attractiveness and regional facial asymmetries evaluated on three-dimensional (3D) images.
Methods: 3D facial images of 59 (23 male, 36 female) young adult patients (age 16-25 years) before orthodontic treatment were evaluated for asymmetry. The same 3D images were presented to 12 lay judges who rated the attractiveness of each subject on a 100mm visual analogue scale. Reliability of the method was assessed with Bland-Altman plots and Cronbach's alpha coefficient.
Results: All subjects showed a certain amount of asymmetry in all regions of the face; most asymmetry was found in the chin and cheek areas and less in the lip, nose and forehead areas. No statistically significant differences in regional facial asymmetries were found between male and female subjects (P > 0.05). Regression analyses demonstrated that the judgement of facial attractiveness was not influenced by absolute regional facial asymmetries when gender, facial width-to-height ratio and type of malocclusion were controlled (P > 0.05).
Limitations: A potential limitation of the study could be that other biologic and cultural factors influencing the perception of facial attractiveness were not controlled for.
Conclusions: A small amount of asymmetry was present in all subjects assessed in this study, and asymmetry of this magnitude may not influence the assessment of facial attractiveness.
© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Orthodontic Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Similar articles
Regional facial asymmetries in unilateral orofacial clefts.
Kuijpers MA, Desmedt DJ, Nada RM, Bergé SJ, Fudalej PS, Maal TJ.Eur J Orthod. 2015 Dec;37(6):636-42. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cju104. Epub 2015 Feb 19.PMID: 25700990
The effect of smiling on facial asymmetry in adults: a 3D evaluation.
Darby LJ, Millett DT, Kelly N, McIntyre GT, Cronin MS.Aust Orthod J. 2015 Nov;31(2):132-7.PMID: 26999885
Naini FB, Donaldson AN, McDonald F, Cobourne MT.J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012 Jan;70(1):192-206. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2010.12.055. Epub 2011 May 14.PMID: 21571417
Choi KY.Arch Craniofac Surg. 2015 Apr;16(1):1-10. doi: 10.7181/acfs.2015.16.1.1. Epub 2015 Apr 10.PMID: 28913211 Free PMC article. Review.
Normal and increased functional asymmetries in the craniofacial area.
Pirttiniemi P.Acta Odontol Scand. 1998 Dec;56(6):342-5. doi: 10.1080/000163598428284.PMID: 10066113 Review.
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